in vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activities of Ribwort Plantain (Plantago Lanceolata L.) Root Fractions and Phytochemical Analysis by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.), which belongs to the Plantaginaceae family, has been widely used as a herbal plant in traditional medicine across the globe. The present study aimed to investigate the biologically active substances of P. lanceolata root fractions, as well as the cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of extracts. The cytotoxic activity of ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and n-butanol extracts of P. lanceolata root was evaluated by MTT (۳-[۴,۵-dimethylthiazol-۲-yl]-۲,۵ diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. The P.lanceolata root extracts were also evaluated on gram-positive and negative bacteria by disc diffusion and microtiter broth dilution methods. The phytochemical content was also examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The P.lanceolata root extracts were cytotoxic; IC۵۰ values against HCT-۱۱۶ at ۷۲ h were ۱۶۸.۵۵۳ μg/mL, ۱۶۷.۴۵۸ μg/mL, and ۲۰۵.۰۰۴ μg/mL for ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and n-butanol root extracts, respectively. The dichloromethane extract of P. lanceolata root had the highest inhibitory effect against S. paratyphi (۱۴.۰۰±۱.۰ mm) at the concentration of ۱۰۰ mg/mL. The minimum MIC and MBC (۵ and ۱۵ mg/mL) were observed for dichloromethane extract of P. lanceolata root against S. paratyphi. The main composition of ethyl acetate extract was ۱,۲-Benzenedicarboxylic acid and mono(۲-ethylhexyl) ester (۶۰.۹۳%). The major compositions in dichloromethane and n-butanol extracts were ۱,۲-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(۲-ethylhexyl) ester (۶۰.۶۴%) and ۲-Methyl-۱-butanol (.+/-.)- (۱۷.۸۵%). As evidenced by the results of the present research, P. lanceolata extracts are a significant source of bioactive metabolites. Therefore, they can play a prominent role in the production of pharmaceutical materials.

کلیدواژه ها:

anti-cancer ، HCTT-۱۱۶ ، HEK-۲۹۳ ، Liquid-liquid extraction ، MIC ، Plantago lanceolata