Hematological Parameters in COVID-۱۹ Patients: Association with Severity of the Disease

The novel coronavirus (COVID-۱۹) produced severe acute respiratory coronavirus syndrome (SARS-CoV-۲; formerly known as ۲۰۱۹-nCoV) and has mild to fatal symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the different blood markers in confirmed positive COVID-۱۹ individuals and see how they associated with the severity of the condition. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September ۲۰۲۰ to March ۲۰۲۱ on seventy-six (۲۰ female and ۵۶ male) Iraqi patients unvaccinated against COVID-۱۹. The mean age of the study subjects was (۴۷.۰۰±۱۳.۳۱; ۴۳.۸۶±۱۴.۲۷) for males and females, respectively. ۶۸.۴۲% of the cases with mild illness, ۱۴.۴۷% with moderate illness, and ۱۷.۱۰% were severely ill. The severity of COVID-۱۹ was assessed by several hematological parameters, including white blood cell (WBC) count, derived indicators such as neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and IL۶, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, and S-ferritin. The results showed that lymphocyte count was lower in severely ill patients compared to patients with mild and moderate symptoms, with a significant difference between the three groups (۲.۲۷۴.۸۳). Additionally, the NLR results showed a significant rise (۱۱.۵۶±۱.۲۳) in severe COVID-۱۹. The results of the present study indicated that serum levels of IL۶, CRP, and S-ferritin revealed significant differences (۴۱.۲۰±۶.۲۳ pg/ml), (۵۰.۶۶±۱۲.۵۵ mg/l), and (۴۵۴.۶۰±۹۵.۶۹ ng/ml) at (P≤۰.۰۵) in sever ill compared with mild and moderately ill patients respectively. The results indicated a highly significant positive correlation between IL۶ and severity of COVID-۱۹ infection at P<۰.۰۱. Furthermore, a positive connection is seen in Neutrophil, CRP, and NLR (۰.۲۲۹, ۰.۲۶۴, and ۰.۲۷۷) at (P≤۰.۰۵) respectively.

کلیدواژه ها:

covid-۱۹ ، disease severity ، Hematological parameters ، Il۶ ، CRP