Antifungal Activity of Phenols Compound Separated from Quercus infectoria and Citrullus colocynthis against Toxic Fungi

Penicillium expansum is one of the most harmful post-harvest fungal pathogens. Aspergillus flavus is a saprotrophic fungal organism with broad distribution, producing mycotoxins that are toxic to humans and animals. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of phenolic alcohol extract for the dry plants Oak (Quercus infectoria Oliv) and Bitter Melon (Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad). Three concentrations of phenolic alcohol extract of Oak and Bitter Melon (۱۰۰, ۲۰۰ and ۳۰۰ mg/mL) have been prepared against two fungi, Penicillium expansum and Aspergillus flavus. The results showed that all three concentrations of phenolic extracts gave antifungal activity, and the percentage inhibition of diameter growth (PIDG) increased with increasing concentrations. The C. colocynthis extract gave the highest average of PIDG (۳۸.۲۹%), followed by Q. infectoria with an average of PIDG (۳۴.۱۳%) against P. expansum and A. flavus. The A. flavus fungus experienced more potent inhibition, with an average of PIDG (۴۹.۰۵%), than P. expansum, with an average PIDG of (۲۳.۳۷%). The results showed that the C. colocynthis extract gave the highest PIDG (۷۰.۷±۳.۹۰), followed by Q. infectoria with PIDG (۳۱.۱±۳.۳۳۵) at a concentration of (۳۰۰ mg/mL) on P. expansum. While the results for phenolic extracts of C.colocynthis and Q. infectoria on A. flavus showed that the antifungal activity of C. colocynthis extract had the highest PIDG (۷۲.۰۹±۴.۱۰) followed by Q. infectoria with PIDG (۶۲.۴۹±۳.۶۳) at a concentration of (۳۰۰ mg/mL). We concluded that the phenolic extracts of Q. infectoria galls and C. colocynthis fruit showed inhibitory activity against two toxin-producing fungi, P. expanisum and A. flavus.

کلیدواژه ها:

Phytotherapy ، Plant extract ، Quercus ، Citrullus ، Penicillium ، Aspergillus flavus