CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL BARRIERS IN SEED SET OF CULTIVATED GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ROSC.)

Studies on floral biology, meiotic behaviour and pollen sterility in four cultivars of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.) revealed that anthesis in the green house and open field conditions took place between ۱-۲ P. M. and ۹-۱۰ A. M. respectively. The hermaphrodite flowers had "pin" and "thrum" type of incompatibility and the dehisced pollen grains did not reach the stigma head. No seed set of ginger during selfing or cross pollination was recorded. Meiotic studies revealed ۳۰.۳۵ to ۴۰.۵۰% of meiotic index in the studied cultivars of ginger namely Bhaisey, Ernad Chanad, Gorubathaney and Turia Local. Pollen Mother Cells (PMCs) showed incomplete homologous pairing in metaphase I and spindle abnormalities (late separation, laggard chromosomes, sticky bridge and etc.) in anaphase I leading to pollen sterility (۶۰.۸۰%). Lack of seed set inspite of selfing and cross pollination might be due to non-homology in bivalents with irregular segregation of genomic complements leading to sterile garnet formation. Failure of germination of pollen in artificial media (۲-۱۵% sucrose solution) was due to the absence of pollen germinating pores and which was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopic studies.

کلیدواژه ها:

Asteraceae ، Scorzonera ، Chromosome ، Iran ، Mitosis