Effects of the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Terminalia chebula Retz. on proliferation, migration, and HIF-۱α and CXCR-۴ expression in MCF-۷ cells: an in vitro study

Over recent years, much attention has been devoted to the area of screening natural products and/or their novel structures owing to reversing cancer progression. The present research work was planned to investigate the cytotoxic activity of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of dried fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. (T. chebula) in MCF-۷ cell line. High-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method and Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric techniques were accomplished. Anti-proliferative properties of T. chebula fruit extracts on the MCF-۷ cell line were assessed using MTT assay. Effects of both extracts on the migration of MCF-۷ cells were also evaluated. Moreover, antioxidant activities were assessed by DPPH and FRAP methods. Western blotting was used to evaluate the HIF-۱α and CXCR-۴ protein levels. Chebulagic acid, gallic acid, chebulinic acid, and ellagic acid were found as main compounds in both extracts. The total phenolic contents based on gallic acid equivalent (GAE) in the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of T. chebula were found to be ۴۵۳.۶۸±۰.۳۱ and ۴۹۵.۱۲±۰.۴۳ mg GAE/g dry۳۷weight of the extract, respectively. Both extracts exhibited a significant dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic effects on MCF-۷ cells. They also exerted a noticeable negative effect on the MCF-۷ migration rate. None of the extracts exhibited stronger antioxidant activities than vitamin C. Furthermore, both extracts at a concentration of ۱۲۵ μg/ml could significantly reduce the expression of HIF-۱α and CXCR-۴ genes in MCF-۷ cells. These data suggest that T. chebula may be a valuable medicinal resource in the managment of breast cancer proliferation, growth, and metastasis.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cytotoxicity ، Terminalia chebula Retz. ، MCF-۷ cells ، HIF-۱α ، CXCR-