Investigation of Oil and Natural Gas Pipelines Failure By Hydrogen Induced Cracking

According to the latest survey literature on destructive factors of steel pipelines, hydrogen induced cracking has been recognized as a key factor. During this type of destruction, the hydrogen atoms, produced from the corrosion process between the pipe surface and hydrogen sulfide, accumulate on the surface of the pipe and penetrate into the steel microstructure over time. These atoms are stacked in structural defects, such as inclusions, grain boundaries, hydrogen traps, dislocations, and are combined together to form hydrogen molecules. This process creates a high pressure and provides the basis for starting hydrogen induced cracks. Many factors contribute in initiation and propagation of these cracks, such as nonmetallic inclusions, hydrogen traps, orientation of grains and type of grain boundaries. In this paper, it is attempted to accurately discuss the mechanism of failure by hydrogen induced cracking and their affected parameters using the obtained results.

کلیدواژه ها:

pipeline steels ، hydrogen induced cracking ، steel structure ، hydrogen traps ، inclusions ، grain and grain boundary ، خطوط لوله فولادی ، ترک هیدروژنی ، ساختار فولاد ، تله های هیدروژنی ، آخال ها ، دانه و مرزدانه