CRISPR CAS۹ for cancer therapy: systematicreview

Background: Cancer is a complex and multifactorial diseasethat arises from various mutations, such as the activation ofoncogenes and the inhibition of tumor suppressor genes. Onepromising approach is gene editing, which involves modifyingDNA sequences to correct genetic abnormalities contributingto cancer development. Among the different gene editing toolsavailable, the CRISPR-Cas۹ system has gained considerable attentionrecently for its precision and versatility in manipulatingDNA sequences.Materials and Methods: This study conducted a systematic reviewof published articles on the topic. Nine databases, includingPubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched forrelevant articles published between January ۲۰۰۰ and January۲۰۲۳. Twenty articles with complete abstracts were included inthe study. Data analysis was performed using R version ۴.۲.۱artificial intelligence software.Results: The CRISPR-Cas۹ system is a genetically modifiedprokaryotic antiviral immune system that uses RNA-guided nucleasesto remove foreign DNA. It consists of two main components:the Cas۹ endonuclease and a single-stranded guide RNA (sgRNA). The sgRNA is designed to recognize a specific DNAsequence, guiding the Cas۹ endonuclease to cut the DNA atthat site. This cut triggers a natural DNA repair mechanism,resulting in a change to the DNA sequence. CRISPR-Cas۹ hasinduced human lung tumors in mice through chromosome rearrangementand targeted gene editing. Moreover, researchershave used CRISPR-Cas۹ to prevent the development of severaltypes of breast cancer. This gene-editing tool has also shownpromise in developing personalized cancer therapies that targetspecific genetic mutations in tumors.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that CRISPRCas۹has significant potential as a cancer therapy tool. However,further research is needed to optimize the technique's safety,efficacy, and specificity for clinical use.

کلیدواژه ها:

Breast cancer ، CRISPR/Cas۹Cas۹ ، Lung cancer ، Systematicreview