Association of Glutathione S-transferase Genes (M۱ and T۱) with the Risk of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in a Moroccan Population

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia, as most cancers, results from exposure to carcinogens and an impaired inherited individual capacity to eliminate xenobiotics. The present case-control study measures the relationship between glutathione S-transferase (GST) T۱ and M۱ null genotypes and the risk of acute myeloid leukemia.Methods: We identified the GSTT۱ andGSTM۱ genotypes by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in ۱۲۹ acute myeloid leukemia patients and ۱۲۹ controls.Results: Individuals that carried GSTT۱ null had a risk of acute myeloid leukemia when compared to GSTT۱ present carriers (OR: ۲.۸۰; ۹۵% CI: ۱.۶۳-۴.۸۰, P=۰.۰۰۰۳۶). However, GSTM۱ null did not influence the risk for acute myeloid leukemia (OR: ۱.۲۰; ۹۵% CI: ۰.۷۲-۱.۹۷, P=۰.۵۳). The combined GSTT۱ null/GSTM۱ present genotype showed an association with the risk for acute myeloid leukemia compared to those that carried both functional genotypes (OR: ۸.۸۵; ۹۵% CI: ۳.۰۹-۲۳.۸, P=۰.۰۰۰۱). The double null genotype also showed an association with the risk for acute myeloid leukemia (OR: ۲.۳۲, ۹۵% CI: ۱.۱۵-۴.۶۶, P=۰.۰۱۹).Conclusion: Both GSTT۱ null and GST double-null genotypes may be risk factors for acute myeloid leukemia. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.