Cytotoxic Effect of Luteolin on Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line (HCT-۱۵): Crucial Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species

Background: Colorectal cancer, a major health concern worldwide, is the third most common form of cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The flavonoids are naturally occurring diphenylpropanoids ubiquitous in plant foods and important components of the human diet. Luteolin, a bioflavonoid, possesses many beneficial effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic activities. Methods:We used the HCT-۱۵ colon adenocarcinoma cell line in this study. Cells were treated with luteolin (۱۰۰ µM).Results: Membrane damage markers such as alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were analyzed in a time-dependent manner. Luteolin increased reactive oxygen species in a time-dependent manner. DNA damage, a hallmark of apoptosis, was induced by luteolin as analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis.Conclusion: Luteolin acts as a potential cytotoxic agent that can be used to treat colorectal cancer.