Evaluation of Trichoderma Isolates for Biological Control of Charcoal Stem Rot in Melon Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina

Trichoderma harzianum (T۳۹), T.virens (DAR۷۴۲۹۰), T.viride (MO), T. harzianum (M) and TrichderminB a commercial formulation of T. harzianum(Bi) were evaluated as potential biological agents for the control of charcoal stem rot in melon caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Cell-free metabolites of T. harzianum(M), T. harzianum (T۳۹) and T. virens (DAR ۷۴۲۹۰) inhibited growth of M. phaseolina completely in vitro and appeared to be fungicidal. T. viride (MO) inhibited fungal growth from ۳۴.۹% to ۷۱%. T. harzianum (T۳۹), T. harzianum (M), T. virens (DAR ۷۴۲۹۰), T. viride(MO) and T. harzianum (Bi) were tested for their ability to protect melon plants from disease caused by M. phaseolina in a glasshouse experiment. The percentage of stand plants with the antagonist alone or in combination with the pathogen was significantly (p<۰.۰۵) greater than in plants inoculated with the pathogen alone. The percentages for the stand plants in treatments were as follows: T. harzianum (T۳۹), T. harzianum (M), T. virens (DAR ۷۴۲۹۰), M. phaseolina, M. phaseolina + T. virens (DAR ۷۴۲۹۰), M. phaseolina + T. harzianum (T۳۹) and M. phaseolina + T. harzianum (M),at ۹۵, ۱۰۰, ۹۷.۵, ۱۵, ۶۴.۲۵, ۷۵.۲۵ and ۴۷.۵۵ percent respectively. The percentage for the stand plant in the commercial Trichodermin B + M. phaseolina treatment (۹۶.۷%) was greater than for M. phaseolina alone (۴۶.۷%) and demonstrated the best result in the control of charcoal stem rot in melon.

کلیدواژه ها:

Biocontrol ، Charcoal stem rot ، Melon diseases ، Soilborne pathogen ، Trichoderma