Ultrasonic and Microwave Effects on the Benzamide/Sulfuryl Chloride Mediated Benzoylation of Benzene Derivatives under Vilsmeier-Haack Conditions

Benzamide/ Sulfuryl Chloride (SO۲Cl۲) reagent has been developed as a Vilsmeier- Haack(VH) reagent for benzoylation of aromatic compounds by using the conventional and ultrasonic sonication (US), and microwave (MW) conditions. Benzoylation is much more competent and faster than the analogous VH ((Benzamide/ POCl۳) or (Benzamide/ SOCl۲)) reagents and afforded benzoyl derivatives in good yields.  Reaction times are moderately less than those observed with [Benzamide/ POCl۳] and (Benzamide/ SOCl۲) reagents. Reaction times are far less in microwave assisted (MWAR) reactions than ultrasonically assisted (USAS) reactions , which in turn are less than the conventional method with a decreasing  trend: MWAR (seconds) << Sonication (minutes) << conventional (hrs). The highly remarkable rate accelerations in MW assisted reactions are attributed to the bulk activation of the molecules; while US assisted reactions could be accounted for cavitation effects.

کلیدواژه ها:

Ultrasonic and microwave irradiation ، Benzamide/ SO۲Cl۲ ، Rate accelerations