Assessment of in vitro biocompatibility of liposome-encapsulated tylosin

Nanoparticles are generally defined as in the diameter range of ۱ to ۱۰۰۰ nm which provide many therapeutic advantages as active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) vehicles (carriers) through encapsulating, dissolving, or conjugating the API. Liposomes are the most widely employed and well-known nanoparticles among various types of nanomaterials in nanomedicine due to their high biocompatibility and biodegradability features which make them display less toxic effects for employing in in vivo. These unique characteristics of liposomes are because of their high similarity with cell membrane both in terms of structure and components. On the other hand, antibiotics may cause toxicity when used at higher concentration required for treatment of resistant pathogen. Therefore, encapsulation of antibiotics within liposomes may reduce the toxicity and improve their efficacy against resistant bacteria. This research was performed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity effect of free and liposomal tylosin. Liposomal tylosin was produced by the thin-film hydration method. Methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay was applied to evaluate the cytotoxicity of free and liposome-encapsulated tylosin against the NIH۳T۳ and NHDF for a time period of ۲۴ and ۴۸ hours. The cell viability was above ۷۰% for liposomal tylosin and below ۷۰% for free tylosin towards both NIH۳T۳ and NHDF at concentration of ۱۰۲۴ μg/mL. According to the findings, empty liposome and liposome-encapsulated tylosin were safer and less toxic to NIH۳T۳ cell line and NHDF primary cells compared to the free formulation of tylosin using the MTT cell viability method. Therefore, liposome can be a promising option for antibiotics delivery through improvement of their biocompatibility even at higher concentration which is needed for eradication of resistant microorganisms.

کلیدواژه ها:

Liposome ، Biocompatibility ، In Vitro ، Tylosin.