The academic course of medical ethics fromancient Iran to the present time

Background and purpose: Medicine is decision-making and management of thehuman body and mind with the aim of establishing health and reducing sufferingand pain. The skill of managing painful diseases and also finding solutions thatreduce the pain of patients by considering ethics and maintaining the dignity andrespect of patients is very important.. ا...For the first time the expression ((ethics ofcare)) is applied by Carrol gilligan in ۱۹۸۲ in his famous text ((different voice)),respectively. Early pioneers, is Miss Sarah fry ۱۹۸۹ who said that nursing ethicsshould be feminine (maternal), Published a book called Care Priorities, Patriciabenner & judith wrouble in ۱۹۸۹ .Also the book of Ethics of care and treatmentwritten by Jane watson&marilyn ray۱۹۹۰ .On the other hand, the source books of medical ethics in the West are taken from the following works: Hippocratic Oath, Rabbinic, Christian, Ishaq bin Ali Rahawi, Muhammad ibn Zakariya Al-Razi, Mosheh ben Maimon / Moses Maimonides, and Thomas Persival. The earliest surviving work on Medical Ethics is Ishagh ibn Ali al-Rahawi’s Adab al-Tabib . In this lecture, the instructions and models of ethics in medicine, which are given in books of Iranian literary sources and ethics, have been compared with the universal and accepted models of ethics in medicine that are currently taught based on western sources. Also reviewing of the principles of medical ethics in ancient India or Ayurveda, which is derived from the teachings of Zoroaster and is based on the three principles of cleanliness, purity, good diet, proper behavior, and mental/physical discipline. Iranian literary and moral sources, such as Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, Jalal al-Din Balkhi's Masnavi, Golestan and boostan Saadi, Aviceena, the Canoon of medicine, the book of heeling, Al-isharat and Isma‘il Gorgani, Zakhireh-I kharazmshahi, and Iranian medical works in ancient times, can be used as a reliable and scientific source for compiling moral models in the field of education, treatment and research of ethics in Medicine.