Wound healing with acellular amniotic membrane incorporating placenta mesenchymal stem cells; a novel dressing for diabetic foot ulcers

Diabetic foot ulcers are prevalent and long-term complications of diabetes mellitus with significant health care influences and costs. These mentionable instances of chronic wounds can be accompanied by other severe complications, including limb amputation and gangrene, infections, and even death in some severe cases. Financial, emotional, and cosmetic issues are also remarkable challenges following these chronic ulcers. All these complications can remarkably impact the quality of life of individuals. Thus, more attention should be paid to the discovery of novel treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced as satisfactory therapeutic tools in recent years in the personalized medicine era. MSCs could be obtained from various sources regarding numerous researches. Herein, Placenta MSCs (PMSCs) as the rich MSCs sources have attracted great concern due to their advantages compared to others, such as their better accessibility and expansion and decreased immunogenic impacts. In this regard, the effectiveness of PMSC- based therapies in the treatment of different disorders and particularly for wound management has been established so far. On the other hand, the amniotic membrane (AM) itself can provide a graft with regenerative, immune regulatory, and healing functions with limited ethical concerns. Indeed, acellularized AM can offer an accessible natural scaffold that has become more popular in regenerative medicine. It provides a swelling and moisture-retention environment and contains different bioactive molecules, growth factors, and elastic properties (without the associated complications of synthetic scaffolds) for ideal wound healing. Many studies indicated that acellular AM loaded with MSC can even promote the regeneration process and acts as an efficient wound dressing. However, there is a requirement for more research works that focus on the influences of the PMSCs in a company with AM (as a scaffold) to be utilized as a wound dressing for diabetic ulcers. In this approach PMSCs should be manufactured after obtaining to be seeded on the prepared acellularized AM. Eventually, the topical use of the provided scaffold must be evaluated. Altogether, we have concluded from the results of many studies that PMSCs+AM graft can be considered a novel wound dressing that should be assessed more in further studies to cure diabetic wounds.

کلیدواژه ها:

Wound Healing ، Mesenchymal Stem Cells ، Diabetic Foot ، Amniotic Membrane ، Placenta ، Diabetes Mellitus