Biomarker Uprising: The Dazzling Paradigm Shift

All fields of science have experienced scientific revolutions throughout human history; Medical knowledge is no exception. Undoubtedly, in recent years, personalized medicine has created new horizons in medical knowledge; both scientifically and in terms of providing services to the patients. That is why in medical science, the biomarker revolution has been proposed as one of the key steps in personalized medicine by creating new approaches in the clinical practice of medicine (۱). A biomarker is a feature that is measured and analyzed; this measurement is often quantitative but sometimes qualitative. Therefore, biomarkers are used as indicators to monitor natural biological processes, pathological processes, and response to treatment (۲). Clinical biomarkers are usually easier and less costly to apply than final clinical results. Biomarkers are used in many aspects of clinical practice: screening, disease diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis and development of personal therapeutic interventions, prediction and treatment of drug side effects, cell identification, and pharmacodynamic and dose-response studies.