Melatonin and N-acetylcysteine alleviate inflammation of the rat cerebral ischemia

Introduction and Objective: Stroke is a cerebrovascular disorder and is the cause of second mortality and long-lasting harm worldwide. Inflammation plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. This study investigated the effects of Melatonin and N-acetylcysteine on reducing the inflammation of rat cerebral ischemia.Methods: ۳۵ Wistar rats underwent left-side MCAO surgery, and ۲۴ and ۴۸ hours later, an intraperitoneal injection of either ۵۰ mg/kg NAC or ۵ mg/kg melatonin or a combination of both was performed. The groups were Sham, Ischemic, NAC, Melatonin, and NAC + Melatonin. At the end of ۷۲ hours, animals were appraised for sensory-motor activity and subsequently killed for further evaluation. Animals scoring lower than a certain neurobehavioral threshold were considered MCAO positive and selected for evaluation of the penumbra. Areas of the afflicted cortical regions were dissected, and several inflammatory parameters were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) techniques.Results: The present study showed a significant reduction of inflammatory factors in the combined group compared to the ischemia group (p≤ ۰.۰۵). Compared to the ischemic, NAC, and melatonin groups, the NAC + Melatonin group showed a higher rate of the mean sensorymotor activity score (p≤ ۰.۰۵). The level of IL-۱b expression in the ischemic (۲.۷۴±۰.۲۲) group compared to the sham group (۱.۴۶±۰.۱۲) increased significantly (p≤ ۰.۰۲), and in the combined (۱.۴۶±۰.۱۵) group had a significant decrease compared to the ischemia group (p≤ ۰.۰۲).Conclusion: In conclusion, the co-treatment of NAC and Melatonin can ameliorate neurobehavioral function by modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines via the inflammasomes signaling pathway.

کلیدواژه ها:

Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) ، cerebral Ischemia ، Inflammation ، inflammasome ، Melatonin ، N-acetylcysteine (NAC)