A review of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in controlling nausea and vomiting after surgery

Introduction and objective: Nausea and vomiting are common complications after surgery. This state may exist up to ۶ hours after surgery, which can be very uncomfortable and cause complications such as opening of the surgical incision, pain, water disturbance and electrolyte, delay in discharge from the hospital and pulmonary aspiration. In order to treat this complication, there are medicinal and other methods it is used medicinally. The purpose of this study is to review the methods of controlling nausea and vomiting after surgery.Method: This research is a review article, in order to achieve the desired goals, an advanced search was used in reliable databases such as SID Science Direct, Pubmed, Iranmedex, Magiran, Googlescholar. The keywords used were nausea and vomiting, surgery, drug interventions and complementary treatments. Among the ۶۷ articles, we reached the final ۱۵articles with a step-by-step monitoring based on the topic of the article with the purpose of the study.Results: Studies show that non-pharmacological methods fall into two main categories: physical interventions and cognitive-behavioral interventions are divided Massage therapy techniques, aromatherapy, ginger, ice massage, acupressure and healing touch as interventions. Physical therapy and family counseling, induction and hypnosis, progressive muscle relaxation techniques, music therapy and Benson relaxation. They are called mental and behavioral interventions. Effective drug treatments include metoclopramide, dexamethasone, ondansetron, and antihistamines are dimenhydranate, anticholinergics, chlorpromazine, ۵-HT۳ antagonists, and dopamine antagonists.Conclusion: Nausea and vomiting after surgery despite the use of different drugs and techniques as the most common complication it persists from surgery and the use of different judges and methods continues. Examining the results of previous studies showed that there are various pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to control nausea and vomiting after surgery. Therefore, it is suggested with training non-pharmacological methods and the use of pharmaceutical methods appropriate to the type of surgery are an important and functional step in the direction of nausea control remove vomiting after surgery.

کلیدواژه ها:

Nausea and vomiting ، surgery ، drug interventions ، complementary therapies