Study of the role of Identity and political culture in theperformance of cyberspace in Iran

Today, the phenomenon of the communication revolution and its well-knownproduct, the Internet, is making fundamental and far-reaching changes in thenature, forms and structures of power in various societies, both advanced anddeveloping. And this has led researchers to question the extent and nature of thesechanges and the current and future effects of the Internet on the political life ofsocieties and the relationship between governments and citizens. Thesynchronicity of this ability is due to features such as interactivity, pervasiveness,and decentralization of the Internet, which distinguish it from traditional massmedia such as the press, radio, and television. Habermas's theory ofcommunicative action, which oversees the formation of public space, is consideredan ideal situation in political development. The formation of an ideal state ofdialogue and the disruption of the former political order resulting from thetraditional act of communication is a platform that can build on the indicators ofpolitical development in societies, ie the role of society in construction, politicalpower, social participation and individual freedoms are influential. In this regard, the development of cyberspace as a new communication structure plays animportant role in political development. The purpose of examining the theoreticalperspective is to examine the role of cyberspace as a new field of communicationaction on political development through Habermas theory of communicationaction. This article examines Habermas' view of the public sphere as the startingpoint of the theory of communication action and analyzes its role on the threeindicators of political development in the context of cyberspace. Therefore,attention to political development should pay attention to the role of variousdevelopments in social change and its effects on social self-awareness. And this istrue of Iranian society, which has this structural diversity. Existence of multipleethnic groups, different cultural and religious tendencies and scattereddemographic characteristics (especially generational differences) and exposure tochange And the major socio-political changes in the last century in the formationof different cultures and the reflection of this diversity in the political orientationsof Iranian society is quite evident. Although Habermas' theory has found a specialplace in Western theories, the application of this theory, which has its roots in theEuropean bourgeoisie, to challenges its application in a region such as the MiddleEast. In recent years and the increasing and dense presence of users of thesenetworks, we are witnessing the formation of new patterns of interpersonal andsocial relationships and interactions. When people are online, they carry a wealthof positive and negative attitudes, experiences, and emotions into the network,while being influenced by the information, actions, and interactions of othersonline. And the acceptance of the pluralistic reality of cultures in the world has ledto the recognition of such components. That politics is not merely a reflection of the economy and its structures, and attitudes and values are important in thetransformation of governmental and economic institutions. From this approach,attention to political culture and its role, especially in political development, hasbeen read and emphasized