Immunomodulatory Bioactive Peptides for the Aging Population Beyond theCOVID۱۹ Pandemic

COVID-۱۹ can affect people in all age groups, but severe COVID-۱۹, acuterespiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and death are more common among older adultscompared to people in other age groups. WHO classifies people ۶۰ years and over as olderadults. The immune system becomes less robust with age due to biological factors, such asgenetics, and environmental factors, such as exposure to infectious agents, the imposition ofmetabolic changes due to unhealthy lifestyles—inactivity, poor diet—and long-termphysiological pressures. methods: The included studies were identified using PubMed, GoogleScholar until ۱December ۲۰۲۲. The search included the following keywords: SARS-CoV-۲,COVID-۱۹, gender, age, sex, immune system, and aging, Bioactive Peptides, Clinical trials, andretrospective and prospective studies were included. Studies written in languages other thanEnglish were excluded.immune response: Age is the most important factor in diminishing one’s chances to survivethe COVID-۱۹, especially after ۶۵ years of age. Bioactive peptides: Bioactive peptides aredescribed as ‘food-derived components (genuine or generated) that in addition to their nutritionalvalue, exert a physiological effect in the body’. Immune response differences by age :With aging, the population of naive T cells shrinks while antigen-experienced, memory T cellscomprise an important portion of T-cells population. Immune system function withvitamins: Citrus, kiwi, and vegetables such as broccoli contain high amounts of vitamin C(ascorbic acid), which is necessary for the repair of body tissues and immune’s function.Conclusion: Viral infectious diseases such as SARS-CoV-۲ (COVID-۱۹) pose a major threat to human health and result in a significant breakdown of the human body’s immunity against pathogenic infections. The human body requires a strong immune system that is robust to help ward off possible viral attacks and to help prevent the proliferation of infections in the event of pathogenic or viral exposure.In populations at risk (elderly, associated comorbidities, immunosuppressed), when activation of the innate immune system fails to produce an adequate adaptive response (i.e., virus-specific CD۸+ T cells), it seems that persistent self-induced inflammation can then cause mortality. Thus, mounting an early adaptive immune response may save lives. This means that our overarching aim should be focused on the prevention of viral infections by naturally and proactively boosting our immune cells and defense systems Especially in the elderly population.

کلیدواژه ها:

SARS-CoV-۲ ، COVID-۱۹ ، gender ، age ، sex ، immune system ، and aging ، Bioactive Peptides