Relationship Between Vitamin D Status and Gastric Cancer: A Review Article

Introduction: Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that has various physiologic effects in multipleorgan functions in our body mediated by vitamin D receptor (VDR). Vitamin D deficiency isso common in the world. It is estimated that one billion people have vitamin D deficiencyworldwide. Researches have shown that vitamin D deficiency is associated with some ofdiseases, such as Gastric cancer. Gastric cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed inwomen. It is a malignant disease caused by DNA damage and genetic mutations that start inthe gastric cells. It usually occurs due to a link between genetic and environmental factors.Most tissues including the mammary gland express VDR and respond to vitamin D. VDRmoderates the antiproliferative, prodifferentiating and immune-modulating effects of vitaminD. In this article, we review the relationship between vitamin D status with the prevention andprogression of Gastric cancer.Methods and Materials: in this review articles were search from ۲۰۱۸ up to march ۲۰۲۲and ۲۴۸ study were found. Iranian databases such as Irandoc, Magiran, Google scholar andSID, and English databases such as Web of science, Elsevier, Science direct, English googlescholar, Scopus and PubMed was searched for the medical subject headings;gastric cancer andvitamin D, finally we include ۱۰ articles that met our inclusion criteria.Results: There are various mechanisms by which vitamin D influences the natural history ofcancer. These include the role of vitamin D in the induction of apoptosis, stimulation of celldifferentiation, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects and inhibition of angiogenesis,invasion and metastasis. The components of the endocrine signaling system of vitamin D thatare definitively expressed in normal human mammary gland include VDR, CYP۲۷B۱,CYP۲۴A۱ and megalin. The expression of most of these genes is altered in conjunction withthe development of gastric cancer usually through epigenetic mechanisms.Conclusion: Studies have demonstrated that higher blood vitamin D status decreases risk ofgastric cancer so blood Vitamin D levels should be maintained at an adequate level that can beprovided through the sun, diet and supplements if needed. Vitamin D levels may be linked tothe progression of Gastric cancer. Due to insufficient evidence, Vitamin D supplementation asan anti-gastric cancer factor is not recommended yet.

کلیدواژه ها:

Gastric Cancer ، Vitamin D ، Prevention ، Treatment