Investigation and comparison of lead and zinc levels in women with and without a history of abortion in the study population of the Shahrekordcohort: a population-based case-control study

Introduction: Miscarriage is the most common complication during pregnancy (before the۲۰th week). Factors such as age, genetic factors, anatomical problems, immunologicalfactors, as well as environmental factors such as heavy metals, alcohol, tobacco, and harmfulrays can be involved in causing this condition. Environmental factors, including heavy metalssuch as lead, are responsible for ۸-۳۸% of miscarriages. Also, it does not matter that it startsfrom the beginning of the human life cycle and continues in its different stages. The amountof these micronutrients is also considered as one of the factors that may play a role in causingmiscarriage during pregnancy. One of the most important micronutrients and essentialelements for the body is zinc. The increase of the elderly population in recent years and theprediction of the increase in the percentage of the elderly population to the total population inthe coming years, the decrease in population growth and the decrease in overall fertility havebeen introduced as a threat to social health and the survival of the generation. One of theproblems involved in this threatening category is abortion, which is related to several factors,including the concentration of some heavy metals and environmental exposures. Also,considering the protective and important role of zinc in human health and the adverse effectsof heavy metals in human health, especially during pregnancy, this study was conducted inorder to investigate the amount of lead and zinc in the biological samples of mothers withmiscarriages and compare it with the obtained results. Heurt is performed from biologicalsamples of mothers without abortion. Considering the description of the foreword and thepriority of determining the factors related to abortion to introduce to policymakers and healthand social planners, and that so far no study has been conducted in Iran, especially inChaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, the necessity of conducting this study it is clear andtherefore this study was designed for this purpose.Analysis method:This research is a case-control study based on Shahrekord cohort studypopulation, where ۶۰ case group (with history of abortion) and ۶۰ control group (withouthistory of abortion) were randomly selected from the population of Shahrekord cohortwomen. Women's whole blood samples were tested for lead and zinc variables(IR.SKUMS.REC.۱۴۰۰.۰۹۳). To measure the heavy metals in this study, a device (AA۲۴۰VARIAN) was used in the Faculty of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences.Finally, the concentration of lead and zinc will be measured by the flame atomic absorption device.Results:Based on the average values and standard deviation, the comparison between metalsin the blood samples of people was calculated. The data were analyzed with descriptivestatistics and analytical statistics and with Stata software. Depending on the distribution ofdata and type of variables, independent t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlationcoefficient, chi-score were used to compare data. Logistic regression was used to control theconfounding variables and the interaction of different variables and to determine the oddsratios of the factors related to abortion and the significance level was done at the ۵% and ۱%levels of the analyses.Conclusion:According to the obtained results, the average concentration of heavy metalssuch as lead in the group of women with a history of abortion (case) is significantly higherthan the concentration of these elements in the group of women without a history of abortion(control). Also, the average concentration of metals Essential like zinc was obtained more inthe group of women without a history of abortion (control) than in the case group, whichindicates the protective and preventive role of zinc in abortion and increasing the fertility ratein societies.

کلیدواژه ها:

Miscarriage ، Heavy metal ، Zinc(Zn) ، Lead(Pb)