A systematic review:The impact of a high-fat diet on fertility

Background:Infertility is defined as the inability to produce children after regular and minimum yearlysexual maturity without using contraception. Infertility affects approximately ۱۰-۱۵% of couples.Lifestyle factor play a positive or negative role in fertility. A high-fat diet (HFD) is one in which at least۳۵% of total calories are derived from fats, both unsaturated and saturated. Having HFD lifestyle, cancause obesity which is one of the infertilities risk factors. On the other hand, a HFD can have an effecton the functional and fertility of the female hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis. It also has animpact on the structure of spermatozoa. In this review article we want to investigate the effect of HFDon the Possibility of infertility in both males and females.Methods: web of science, PubMed, and google scholar databases were used to identify articlespublished in related fields. out of ۱۰۲۹ articles, ۹۹۶ articles were eliminated because of the lack of a fatdiet on infertility and its mechanisms. finally, ۳۳ articles were included. of these studies, ۱۸ studies areabout the relationship between high-fat diet and infertility, and ۱۵ studies are about the molecularmechanisms of the effects of high-fat diet on infertility.Result: Based on existent evidence, HFD can cause reproductive dysfunction and infertility in bothsexes through different mechanisms. One of the main mechanisms in women is increase in leptin andinsulin signaling which has effect on HPO axis functionality. Additionally, it can change peroxisomeproliferator-activated receptor γ actions and cause a growth in inflammation. In men, HFD can causeobesity so as a consequence it can influence structure of spermatozoa. Some studies also show that thisobesity can be associated with reduced male fertility and decreased semen quality and leads to thehypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis disorders, together with raised estrogen levels with a simultaneousdecrease in testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. Thenegative impact of HFD in folliculogenesis, oogenesis, and embryo development/implant has beenevaluated, yet more research in this field is required. Also, HFD can upset gut microbiome and it canraise the risk of infertility in both men and women.

کلیدواژه ها:

infertility ، high-fat diet and fertilization ، pregnancy ، female and male infertility