Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Prevalence and E۶ Protein Expression in Gastric Cancer Tissue Samples Compared with Non-malignant and Control Groups in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran, ۲۰۲۱

Background and Aim: Gastric cancer (GC) is a major health problem worldwide. Several studies have shown the virus's role in cancer pathogenesis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in GC by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in hospitals in the East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, ۱۰۰ tissue samples of paraffin-embedded, including GC (۵۰ samples), benign gastric hyperplasia (۲۵ samples), and a control group (۲۵ samples) were collected from the archives of laboratories in East Azerbaijan province from April to October ۲۰۲۱. The IHC and PCR were used to detect the HPV virus. SPSS software version ۲۲ and t-test and Chi-Square statistical tests were used for data analysis. Results: ۸ out of ۵۰ cancer samples were HPV positive by IHC and PCR. HPV-positive samples had a mean age of ۶۲.۸۷ ± ۹.۶۷ and a higher Gleason score. Men had the highest number of HPV-positive samples compared to women (۵ samples vs. ۳ samples). However, no viral genomes were observed in non-malignant and control samples. There was a significant relationship between HPV infection and GC (P=۰.۰۳). Conclusion: According to the present study's findings, the presence of HPV infection in GC plays an important role in the development of GC in the hospitals of East Azerbaijan province. Also, the results showed that PCR and IHC are both more sensitive and reliable in detecting HPV because the results of both IHC and PCR were the same. Hence IHC method can be used as an alternative to the PCR method to detect HPV oncoproteins.

کلیدواژه ها:

E۶ protein ، Gastric cancer ، Human papillomavirus ، Immunohistochemistry ، PCR ، سرطان معده ، ویروس پاپیلومای انسانی ، پروتئین E۶ ، ایمونوهیستوشیمی ، PCR