The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in honey: A global systematic review and meta-analysis and risk assessment

Background and aim: However, the consumption of honey offers several beneficial advantages; it can be sources of some contaminants, such as potentially toxic elements (PTEs).Materials and method: In the current study, the related investigations regarding the concentration of PTEs in honey a global scale among the international databases including Scopus, PubMed, ISI Web of Science and Embase were collected and analyzed. Also, the health risk assessment in the children and adults due to ingestion of PTEs via consumption honey was estimated by calculating hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard quotient (THQ) and cancer risk (CR).Results: Meta-analysis of ۳۳ articles with ۴۵ studies indicates that the overall rank order of PTEs according to their pooled concentration PTEs can be summarized as Fe (۵.۶۵۷ mg-kg-DW) > Mn (۳.۴۳۰ mg-kg-DW) > Pb (۰.۵۵۵ mg-kg- DW) > Cr (۰.۴۹۶ mg-kg-DW) > Cu (۰.۳۳۰ mg-kg-DW) > Ni (۰.۳۱۲ mg-kg-DW) > Cd (۰.۰۴۹ mg-kg-DW) > As (۰.۰۲۶ mg-kg-DW) > Hg (۰.۰۰۲ mg-kg-DW). The rank order of PTEs according to HQ was defined as Pb > Cd > Mn > Fe > Ni > As > Cu > Hg > Cr.Conclusion: The lowest and highest values of HQ were observed in Macedonia and Turkey, respectively. The corresponded values of HQ and THQ in all countries investigated was lower than ۱ value. Therefore, consumers are not at non-carcinogenic risk.Also,CR inorganic of As in the consumers in all countries investigated was lower than < ۱.۰۰E-۰۶ value. Hence, consumers are not at significant carcinogenic risk.

کلیدواژه ها:

toxic elements ، honey ، systematic review ، meta-analysis