A review of the Anti-inflammatory effects of Artemisia spp asa possible candidate in the treatment of patients with COVID-۱۹

Background and Aim : Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ۲ (SARS-CoV-۲) spreadworldwide rapidly. Due to the lack of suitable medicine for the treatment of COVID-۱۹ disease,many studies have shown that plant extracts can have a wide range of biological effects likeimmunomodulatory properties. This study aimed to review the anti-inflammatory effects ofArtemisia spp as a possible candidate in the therapy of patients with COVID-۱۹.Methods : The present study is a review study by searching reputable scientific databases such asPubmed, Google scholar and Scopus from ۲۰۱۰ to ۲۰۲۲ using the keywords: SARS-CoV-۲,COVID-۱۹, Cytokine storm, Artemisia spp, Treatment, Anti-inflammatory.Results : In this study, ۴۵ articles were found and reviewed. Therefore, Artemisia spp is acollection of herbaceous and perennial plants with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatoryproperties. Different extracts of this plant group suppress the induction of IL-۱β, TNF-α and PGE۲cytokines. Lycorine, which is the active ingredient of this plant, inhibits pro-inflammatorymediators while increasing anti-inflammatory mediators. Extracts of this plant can significantlyreduce the production of NO in isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages and reduce COX-۲ andiNOS as well. Therefore, the mechanism of reducing inflammatory cytokines is by blocking theNF-κB signaling pathway and inhibiting the phosphorylation of IκB and p۶۵, as well as inhibitingthe nuclear translocation of NF-κB and P۶۵. As a result, Lycorine reduces the induction ofinflammatory cytokines and increases anti-inflammatory cytokines.Conclusion : Due to cytokine-induced complications such as respiratory distress, shock, lunginjury, mortality, and abundance of Lycorine and other biological compounds in the extractArtemisia spp, which modulates the immune system, this plant species is recommended for clinicaltrials in patients with Covid-۱۹ and other viral diseases.

کلیدواژه ها:

COVID-۱۹ ، SARS-CoV-۲ ، Artemisia spp ، Cytokine ، Lycorine