Postbiotics and Paraprobiotics: The New Scopes in InnovativeMicrobial Functional Foods and Neutraceuticals

Background and Aim : Throughout the years, numerous researches were conducted to eithershowcase health-promoting features or prove potential characteristics of probiotics, prebiotics andthe combination of the two (synbiotics). Although the science-based outcomes seem to bepromising and reliable for human health but proposing new helpful options and alternativestrategies are invariably appreciated. Due to concerns like safety issues and the risk of probioticsepsis propagating infection and antibiotic development probabilities, the shortages on probioticsviability, shelf-life and preservation methods and also increasing demand for non-dairy bioproductsubstitutions; introducing postbiotics and paraprobiotics is pivotally important. Postbiotics arebiogenics (aka. metabiotics) consisting of either metabolites or byproducts derivating from thebiogenesis of probiotic cells. Paraprobiotics are referred to the non-viable microorganisms, theinactivated probiotic microbial cells, cell-free supernatant or different cell residues andcomponents. Since probiotics are living organisms mainly ingested orally to eventually affect thegut flora, they are required to endure surviving in great quantities after passing the gastrointestinaltract harsh pH and conditions. As postbiotics and paraprobiotics are considered non-living, theyremain unaffected by the GI conditions and also potentially hold the beneficial goodness ofprobiotics to the consumer while effortlessly elevating viability control by keeping the effectivedesirable components intact, in order to be well-digested leading to gut microbiota saferenhancement. This study is intended to highlight a review on postbiotics and parabiotics, maincategories, nutritional health benefits and conferring possible future prospects in industrial foodbiotechnology.Methods : Thirty research studies were chosen and explored from GoogleScholar databases NCBI,ScienceDirect and Taylor&Francisonline (from year ۲۰۲۰ to July ۲۰۲۲) and the obtained data wasremarked with commentary classificational view with a focus on nutritional health and innovationsin modern biotechnology market.Results : Studies and trials mark the considerable potential of paraprobiotics and postbiotics asthe next-generation of new safe choices to be used in producing novel functional foods andnutraceuticals in nutribiotic industry via innovative scale-up biotechnological applications.Conclusion : Functional products containing postbiotics and paraprobiotics improve themicrobiota balance while also improving product safety, viability and shelf-life therefore keepingup with the post- and para- new generation trends result in optimistic future industrial success.

کلیدواژه ها:

Functional foods ، Postbiotics ، Paraprobiotics ، Health benefits ، Innovative therapy