The association between microbial and viral infectious agentswith ulcerative colitis

Background and Aim : Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a general term for ulcerative colitisand Crohn's disease, is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the gastrointestinal tract that occursin genetically predisposed individuals. Over the years, the role of infection by many pathogenicagents in the development and exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease has been widelystudied, such as; Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, E.Coli, Clostridium difficile, Listeriamonocytogenes, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Campylobacter concisus as well as viruses such asrubella, Epstein-Barr virus, Measles, Mumps, and Cytomegalovirus.Methods : In this systematic review, the desired information was searched from Google Scholar,SID, Pubmed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases with keywords IBD and pathogenic factorsin the period ۲۰۱۲-۲۰۱۸. According to Jadad criteria, studies that scored ۳ or more were includedin the study. Data analysis was done qualitatively.Results : Finally, ۲۵ trials that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. According to research,overexposure of the immune system to the presence of bacterial substances can lead to the loss ofimmune tolerance to bacteria that are usually considered normal flora in the gut. Also, it maysubsequently cause intestinal inflammation and the spread of IBD.Conclusion : Considering all the available information, more research and studies in animalmodels and clinical trials are needed to draw accurate conclusions about the role of microbes andviruses in the development of IBD. Antibiotic therapy against specific organisms or fecalmicrobiota transplantation (FMT) could be a promising prospect for the prevention and treatmentof IBD.

کلیدواژه ها:

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ، Ulcerative colitis ، Pathogenic factors