THE CURRENT STATUS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE INSTAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Background and Aim : Staphylococcus aureus remain to be an important nosocomial pathogenin the word. The growing numbers of antimicrobial-resistant S. aureus place a significant burdenon healthcare systems and have important global economic costs. The present study investigatedthe current status of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus.Methods : A searched via PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus was performedfor relevant articles that reporting the status of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus around the word.The search terms were Staphylococcus aureus, antimicrobial resistance and resistance gene.Results : Many different mechanisms including i-horizontal gene transfer which encoded bymobile genetic elements such as plasmids and transposons ii- the staphylococcal cassettechromosome and iii- mutations in chromosomal genes have an important role in S. aureusantibiotics resistance. In the literature the most important mechanisms of drug resistance areincluding drug modification/alteration, modification of drug binding sites/targets, changes in cellpermeability resulting in reduced intracellular drug accumulation in S. aureus. The resistance rateto most antibiotics increasing during the current decade in S. aureus in most of the countries.Conclusion : Regarding to the high resistance rate to antibiotics and diversity of antimicrobialresistance genes in S. aureus isolates, it needs to be more monitored by public health surveillancein different countries. Continuous monitoring and characterization of S. aureus resistance genesand mechanisms could be helpful in controlling the rising rate of antibiotic resistance. It isparticularly important to avoid empirical use of antibiotics and trying for discover novel antibioticsbecause of emergence of multidrug resistance S. aureus.

کلیدواژه ها:

Staphylococcus aureus ، antimicrobial resistance ، resistance gene