The importance of DNA in molecular and cellular biology

DNA is a type of nucleic acid that contains genetic instructions that are usedfor the function and biological development of living things and viruses. Themain role of DNA molecules is the long-term storage of genetic andgrammatical information. Experiments such as the Griffith experiment andthe Avery experiment were revolutionary and early experiments in identifyingand studying the world as a genome. RNA (RNA) is a type of nucleic acidcompound, such as DNA. RNA molecules contain ribose sugars instead of thedeoxyribose sugars found in DNA. RNA molecules are one of the basicconstituents of cells that participate in important processes such as proteinsynthesis. RNA stands for ribonucleic acid. RNA molecules are complex,high molecular weight compounds that play an important role in the synthesisof cellular proteins and replace DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) as the carrier ofthe genetic code in some viruses. RNA is composed of ribose nucleotides(nitrogenous organic bases attached to ribose sugar) that are joined togetherby phosphodiesterase bonds. Recombinant DNA is widely used inbiotechnology, medicine, and research. Today, recombinant proteins and otherproducts made from DNA technology can be found in any pharmacy, doctoror veterinarian, or biological research laboratory. Most use of recombinantDNA in basic research. Because this technology is important in most currentactivities in biological sciences and medicine. This technique has also foundmany applications in the fields of industry, food production, human andanimal medicines, agriculture, and biological engineering. Production ofrecombinant chymosin, production of recombinant insulin, production ofgrowth hormone, blood coagulation factor (factor VIII), hepatitis B vaccine,golden rice, herbicide and insect resistant products and so on. In conclusion ,we look at ۵ key differences between DNA and RNA. ... DNA is found in thenucleus, with a small amount of DNA also present in mitochondria.

کلیدواژه ها:

DNA ، RNA ، molecular biology ، recombinant