Altered Expression of Long non-coding RNAs in AcuteMyeloid Leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an invasive and heterogeneous disease ofthe hematopoietic system characterized by the high proliferation of myeloidleukemia cells in the bone marrow and maturation arrest in hematopoiesis.Most human genome is transcribed as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), andprotein-coding RNAs are only <۲%. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) arenon-coding RNAs with transcripts greater than ۲۰۰ nucleotides that have animportant role in epigenetics, transcription, alternative splicing, and otherbiological processes. Recent studies have shown that some of the lncRNAstake part in pathogenesis, clinical outcome, and prognosis of AML. They arealso known as biomarkers for the diagnosis of AML. Some of them act asoncogenes and some act as tumor-suppressors. In this review, we summarizedcurrent studies regarding the expression and prognostic effects of lncRNAs inacute myeloid leukemia.H۱۹, Colorectal Neoplasia Differentially Expressed (CRNDE), PlasmocytomaVariant Translocation ۱ (PVT-۱), Taurine Up-Regulated ۱ (TUG۱), LncRNAassociated with microvascular invasion in HCC (lncRNA MVIH), UrothelialCancer-Associated ۱ (UCA۱), HOX Transcript Antisense RNA (HOTAIR),Promoter Of CDKN۱A Antisense DNA Damage Activated RNA (PANDAR),RUNX۱ Overlapping RNA (RUNXOR), HOXA Cluster Antisense RNA۲(HOXA-AS۲), Colon Cancer Associated Transcript ۱ (CCAT۱), MetastasisAssociated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript ۱ (MALAT۱) are the examples oflncRNAs that up-regulated in AML and Nuclear Enriched Abundant Transcript۱ (NEAT۱), IGFIR Antisense Imprinted None-Protein Coding RNA (IRAIN),Maternally Expression Gene ۳ (MEG۳), Growth Arrest Specific ۵ (GAS۵),Cancer Susceptibility ۱۵ (CASC۱۵) down-regulated in AML. Most of theselncRNAs were associated with a poor prognosis of AML.

کلیدواژه ها:

long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) ، acute myeloid leukemia(AML) ، expression ، prognosis