Soy isoflavone intake and risk of cardiovascular disease in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Introduction: Earlier studies regarding the association of soy isoflavone consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD) had conflicting findings. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review previous cohort studies examining the association between soy isoflavone intake and risk of CVD outcomes in adults and quantify the association through meta-analysis.Search Method: A comprehensive search was conducted in online databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar to detect relevant prospectivecohort studies published up to September ۲۰۲۱. Summary relative risks (RRs) were estimated using a random-effects model.Results: In total, ۱۳ articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. We found that the highest intake of soy isoflavones was significantly associated with a lower risk of CHD among whole populations (Pooled RR: ۰.۹۲, ۹۵% CI: ۰.۸۵-۰.۹۹, I۲ = ۴۱.۱%, Pheterogeneity=۰.۱۰). Furthermore, an inverse relation was found between the highest intake of soy isoflavones and risk of overall CVD (Pooled RR: ۰.۹۱, ۹۵% CI: ۰.۸۴-۰.۹۸, I۲ = ۳۰.۷%, Pheterogeneity=۰.۱۹) and CHD (Pooled RR: ۰.۸۹, ۹۵% CI: ۰.۸۳-۰.۹۶, I۲ = ۱۴.۴%, Pheterogeneity=۰.۳۲) among Western populations. In the non-linear dose-response analysis, soy isoflavone intake was associated with a decreased risk of overall CVD in the dosages of ۰-۲۰ mg/day; and a lower risk of CHD in the dosages from ۵ to ۳۵ mg/day. In the linear dose-response analysis, each ۵ mg/day increase in soy isoflavone intake was associated with ۲۴% and ۲۲% lower risks of overall CVD and CHD, respectively, among Western populations.Conclusion: We found that soy isoflavone intake was associated with a lower risk of overall CVD and CHD in adults, particularly among Western population.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cardiovascular disease ، Isoflavone ، Meta-analysis ، Soy