Magnesium intake and risk of cancer: a systematic review and dose response meta-analysis of cohort studies

Background and Objective: To summarize the evidence on the associations between magnesium intake risk of cancer.Materials and Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies and identified relevant studies published up to June ۲۰۲۱ by searching PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar. A random-effects model was used to calculate dose–response summary relative risks (RRs).Results: Overall, ۲۱ articles with a total sample size of ۲,۳۵۰,۵۹۳ participants, aged between ۳۰ and ۷۹ years, were included in the current meta-analysis. During the follow-up periods ranging between ۶.۸ and ۲۸ years, ۲۶۰۳۴ cases of cancer were diagnosed. The summary RR comparing highest and lowest intake of magnesium was ۰.۸۷ (۹۵% CI: ۰.۷۵–۱.۰۲, I۲ = ۷۱.۳%) for overall cancer and ۰.۸۴ (۹۵% CI: ۰.۷۴, ۰.۹۶, I۲ = ۰%) for colorectal cancer. The pooled RR comparing highest and lowest intake of dietary magnesium was ۰.۹۰ (۹۵% CI: ۰.۸۰, ۱.۰۱, I۲ = ۵۸.۳%) for overall cancer, ۰.۸۴ (۹۵% CI: ۰.۷۶–۰.۹۲, I۲ = ۰%) for colorectal cancer, and ۱.۰۲ (۹۵% CI: ۰.۸۰-۱.۳۰, I۲ =۴۲.۵ %) for lung cancer. In the linear dose-response analysis, a ۲۰۰ mg/day increase in dietary magnesium intake was associated with a ۷% lower risk of overall cancer (RR: ۰.۹۰, ۹۵% CI: ۰.۸۳ to ۰.۹۷, P=۰.۰۰۷) and ۹% colorectal cancer (RR: ۰.۹۰, ۹۵% CI: ۰.۸۳ to ۰.۹۷, P=۰.۰۰۷). There was also evidence of non-linear dose-response association between dietary magnesium intake and overall cancer risk and there was no further reduction in risk above ۴۰۰ mg/day.Conclusion: Our results reinforce the evidence that high intake of dietary magnesium was associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer. There was also no further reduction in risk of overall cancer for intakes above ۴۰۰ mg/day of dietary magnesium.

کلیدواژه ها:

Magnesium ، Cancer ، Meta-analysis ، Diet