In silico Analysis: P۷۴ Gene as a Marker to Baculovirus Detection in Vector of Diseases

Background: Baculoviruses are a group of viruses which have pathogenesis effect on insects, although have no harm for human at all. These viruses contain a circular double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome. About ۶۰۰ host species of insects having been reported yet. Immature (larval) forms of lepidopteran species (moths and butterflies) are the most common hosts for Baculoviruses, but these viruses have also been found infecting sawflies, and mosquitoes too. Recently, due to the increasing of pest resistance to insecticides, as well as the side effects of the use of such chemical pesticides, such as the prevalence of cancer and other chronic diseases, the study and use of Baculoviruses in the control of vectors as biological insecticides has become more important than before. These viruses are also used to express genes in medicine and pharmacy, which has led to the development of H۵N۱vaccines. The P۷۴ gene is one of the genes in the genome of Baculoviruses that is expressed in the virus coat in the Occlusion derived virus (ODV) stage and its size is around ۱۹۵۰ bp. The aim of this study is to analyze the P۷۴ gene in the genome of Baculoviruses as a marker to detect and isolate this type of virus from insects.Material and Methods: In this experimental study, Nucleic acids sequences of P۷۴ gene in different Baculovirus species in different insects were extracted from the NCBI database and aligned using MEGA۶ software. These sequences have been selected insilico based on the conserved points in nucleic acid No. ۴۸۴ to ۵۰۰ and in addition to nucleic acid No. ۱۳۹۶ to ۱۴۱۳ and have been identified as areas that are important in identifying the virus.Results: The ۴۸۴ to ۵۰۰ region contains ۱۷ nucleotides with ۵۸% CG and one ۳-repeat sequence. The mentioned area has Tm = ۵۸ C ° and Loop = ۲۰.۳ C °. The ۱۳۹۶ to ۱۴۱۳ regioncontains ۱۸ nucleotides with ۵۵% CG and one ۳-repeat sequence. The mentioned area has Tm = ۵۸.۲ C ° and Loop = --- C °.Conclusions: Due to the safety and widespread use of virus-based biological insecticides, studies on baculovirus-specific genes are of particular importance. The findings of this study can help researchers to isolate and passage of the virus and be a step towards the development of these insecticides in the field to control of vector-borne diseases.

کلیدواژه ها:

Insilico ، P۷۴ gene ، baculoviruses ، disease vectors