Water crisis, challenges and its management in the world

Introduction: Water is one of the most important components of the universe that has always been respected by nations and is known as one of the most fundamental factors of a society's civilization. The world's freshwater resources are at their most optimistic, stable and even declining, and this is causing a serious crisis in the world called the water crisis. Given that the fate of people is tied to water and is considered as a part of life, the purpose of this study is to investigate the problems of water crisis and provide appropriate solutions to solve this crisis.Methods: This study was a review study in which researchers searched potential texts for qualified articles in PubMed, Google Scholar and SID databases. For this purpose, thekeywords "crisis", "water", "environment" were used to find related articles. After the reviews, a total of ۱۳ articles were retrieved in the period ۲۰۱۲ to ۲۰۲۱. ۳ articles were deleted due to duplication and ۳ articles's full access to the text of the article was not possible and finally ۷ articles were selected and entered into the study.Results: Many factors are involved in reducing fresh water resources. Lack of snow and rain, misuse of water resources regardless of their capacity, increase in population and increase in demand are among the factors that meet basic needs. The issue of the water crisis, as it is a new and unknown problem, must be addressed immediately, and governments seem to have a key role to play in resolving this crisis. In fact, policy-making institutions and appropriate executive institutions of governments have a beneficial effect on water crisis management. But at present, due to the lack of principled and expert policies to deal with the water crisis and the implementation of policies that have been implemented without sufficient attention to the scarcity of water resources have put a lot of pressure on water resources and the challenges of water crisis are increasing. To solve this problem, it is necessary for all countries of the world to cooperate widely and consciously, and to avoid war and tension among themselves, and to use all available facilities and manpower in order to manage this crisis and reduce its challenges.Discussion and Conclusion: Water crisis and lack of proper and principled management of this crisis creates serious problems for communities that economic and security instability of countries and regional conflicts over water in the political field, climate change and air pollution and habitat destruction and dust in the field The environment is a prime example. These problems are more pronounced in poor societies and cause problems such as poverty, misery, poor health and various diseases.

کلیدواژه ها:

crisis ، water ، environment