The effect of swimming exercise on memory impairment and inflmmatory eytokines TNF_ α and IL_۱ and induced by lipopolysaccharide in male mice

The present study investigated the effect of ۸-weeks of swimming training on memory impairment and inflammatory satiokines TNFα and IL۱ induced by lipopolysaccharide injection in male mice. The statistical population of this study is ۴۰-NMIR mice with an approximate age of ۷۰-days and a weight of ۲۳ ± ۱. The research method is experimental. The animals were randomly selected and divided into four groups. first group; They did not exercise and received saline. The second group; They did not exercise and received lipopolysaccharide. Third group; They exercised and received saline. Fourth group; The animals exercised and received lipopolysaccharide. The training program consisted of two swimming stages (adaptive and swimming stage). In the first week, to reduce the stress of animals caused by swimming, mice swam in ۵-cm shallow water for ۱۰-minutes, which were placed to adapt to the method. The swimming phase consists of two or three ۱۰-minute training sessions with a ۱۰-minute rest interval in the second week and a water depth of ۱۰-cm between each session. Water depth and swimming duration gradually increased from ۵ to ۱۵ cm and from ۲۰-minutes in the second week to ۳۰-minutes from the third week (water depth ۱۵-cm and three halves of ۱۰-minutes of swimming, ۱۰-minutes of rest) and from this week onwards the day . This training protocol was performed every day between ۱۳:۰۰ and ۱۶:۰۰ at the same time. After ۹-days of training sessions, they received lipopolysaccharide and animal behavioral tests were taken on the first, second and third days. Behavioral tests were used to assess cognitive function and spontaneous periodicity that indicated memory: The YMAZ-TMAZ-new object detection tests were used. For data analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to measure the normality of data distribution and two-way analysis of variance was used to compare the desired variables (practiced-without practice). Using SPSS۲۶ software and a significance level of less than P <۰.۰۵ was obtained. The results of this study showed that lipopolysaccharide reduces spontaneous frequency and memory. And swimming increases memory function and spontaneous rotation. the overall results of this study showed that swimming has an anti-inflammatory effect and improves memory.