Comparison of Executive Functions in Some Athletes, Musicians and Ordinary People

Executive functions are important and effective variables in learning motor skills.Numerous studies have shown the effect of exercise and music on performance, but no comparison has been made between groups of athletes and musicians and ordinary people. The purpose of this study was to compare the executive functions of some athletes, musicians and ordinary people and to compare men and women in each group.Research The research method was causal-comparative with a plan of static groups. Participants included ۴۷ athletes, ۴۲ musicians and ۵۴ ordinary people in the age range of ۲۰ to ۳۵ years who were selected by convenience sampling from the men and women of Arak city. Participants were tested by two software for measuring working memory and sustained attention , and then Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Leven test, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey post hoc test and independent t-test were used to analyze their scores. SPSS software version ۲۵ was used.The results showed that there was no significant difference between the group of musicians and athletes in the working memory score (P = ۰.۰۵۹), but these two groups scored better than the group of normal people with a significant difference (P = ۰.۰۰۱). There was no significant difference in stable attention in the time variable between athletes and normal people (P = ۹۰۹); But musicians scored better than athletes with a significant difference (P = ۰.۰۰۹) and musicians also scored better than normal people (P = ۰.۰۲۳). There was no significant difference in the number of correct answers between the group of athletes and musicians (P = ۰.۳۷۴) and also between the group of athletes and normal people (P = ۰.۲۶۹). Only in the variable of the number of correct answers, the musicians got a better score than normal people (۰.۰۱۲). Compared to men and women, no significant difference was observed in any of the three groups.

کلیدواژه ها:

executive functions ، Working memory ، sustained Attention ، Athletes ، Musicians