The predictive factors of recurrent deep vein thrombosis

BACKGROUND: About ۲-۵% of people experience deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) during their lives. Death, disease recurrence, post-thrombotic syndrome, and excessive bleeding due to coagulant medications are among the most important DVT complications. Recent research found a high incidence of DVT recurrence after the first attack. Disease recurrence has a multifactorial pathogenesis and its probability is related with the number and severity of risk factors. The present study aimed to investigate DVT recurrence and the associated risk factors. METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated all DVT patients hospitalized in Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, during April ۲۰۰۰ to April ۲۰۱۱. The risk factors were obtained from patients' records including smoking, intravenous drug abuse, having a history of surgery in last four weeks, immobility, obesity, history of cardiac disease, and cancer.   RESULTS: A total number of ۲۵۵۰ DVT patients were hospitalized in Alzahra Hospital during the study period. It was only possible to extract the data from ۳۸۵ patient records. A history of DVT was reported in ۴۸ individuals (۱۲.۵%). The comparison between the risk factors in patients with a first time DVT and those experiencing a recurrent DVT revealed significant differences solely in the prevalence of blood disorders and immobility. Applying stepwise regression indicated immobility (OR: ۴.۵۷; ۹۵% CI: ۱.۲۶-۱۶.۵۷; P < ۰.۰۲۱) and coagulopathy (OR: ۰.۳۳; ۹۵% CI: ۰.۱۳-۰.۸۱; P < ۰.۰۱۶) with DVT recurrence. CONCLUSION: Based on our findings, DVT patients are suggested to be mobilized as soon as possible. In addition, they should be advised to increase their activity after discharge.   Keywords: Deep Vein Thrombosis, Immobility, Risk Factor