Kidney Complications of COVID-۱۹: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Some patients with coronavirus disease ۲۰۱۹ (COVID-۱۹) have been reported tohave developed mild to severe kidney injuries. The current systematic review and meta-analysiswas carried out to estimate the prevalence and incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) amongCOVID-۱۹ patients.Study design: A systematic review and meta-analysisMethods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and MedRxiv databases were searchedfrom December ۱, ۲۰۱۹, up to July ۲۷, ۲۰۲۰. Two independent co-authors completed the screeningprocess, data extraction, and quality assessment of the retrieved records. Random-effects metaanalyseswere used to determine the pooled prevalence and ۹۵% confidence interval (CI) of AKIamong COVID-۱۹ patients.Results: Out of ۲,۳۳۲ unique identified records, ۵۱ studies were included in the review. Overall,the studies were carried out on ۲۵,۶۰۰ patients. A total of ۶,۵۰۵ patients (in ۱۸ cross-sectionalstudies) were included to estimate the pooled prevalence of AKI, and ۱۸,۹۳۴ patients (in ۲۷ cohortstudies) were included to determine the pooled incidence of AKI. The pooled prevalence of AKIwas estimated as ۱۰.۰۸% (۹۵% CI: ۴.۵۹, ۱۷.۳۲; I۲=۹۸.۵۶%; P<۰.۰۰۱). Furthermore, the pooledincidence of AKI was ۱۲.۷۸% (۹۵% CI: ۷.۳۸, ۱۹.۳۶; I۲=۹۹.۲۷%; P<۰.۰۰۱). The mean (۹۵% CI)values of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), potassium, and sodium were ۷۶.۱۰(۶۹.۳۶, ۸۲.۸۴), ۴.۶۰ (۴.۰۴, ۵.۳۰), ۳.۹۴ (۳.۷۸, ۴.۱۱), and ۱۳۹.۳۰ (۱۳۸.۲۶, ۱۴۰.۳۶) mmol/L,respectively.Conclusions: The AKI is a considerable complication among COVID-۱۹ patients and should bescreened for on clinical examinations. The BUN, SCr, potassium, and sodium levels were withinthe normal ranges.

کلیدواژه ها:

Prevalence ، Acute kidney injury ، COVID-۱۹ ، Blood urea nitrogen ، Creatinine