Carvacrol attenuated neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and depression and anxiety like behaviors in lipopolysaccharide-challenged rats

Objective: The beneficial effect of carvacrol on neuroinflammation, oxidative damage of brain tissue, and depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration were evaluated in rats.Materials and Methods: Vehicle (۱% Tween ۸۰), ۱ mg/kg of LPS, and carvacrol (۲۵, ۵۰, or ۱۰۰ mg/kg administered prior to LPS) were injected and behavioral and biochemical tests were done.Results: The results of forced swim test revealed that carvacrol attenuated immobility time and increased activity and climbing times (p<۰.۰۵ to p<۰.۰۰۱). The results of elevated plus maze also revealed that treatment by carvacrol prolonged the open arms time and entries and decreased the time and entries in the closed arms (p<۰.۰۵ to p<۰.۰۱). Carvacrol enhanced crossing, time, and traveled distance in the central segment of the open field and increased total crossing and distance while attenuating the peripheral zone time (p<۰.۰۵ to p<۰.۰۰۱). All doses of carvacrol attenuated TNF- α (tumor necrosis factor α) and NO (nitric oxide) in the brain (p<۰.۰۱ to p<۰.۰۰۱). The ۵۰ and the ۱۰۰ mg/kg doses of carvacrol decreased malondialdehyde (p<۰.۰۰۱ for both), and the ۱۰۰ mg/kg dose of carvacrol increased the content of the thiol (p<۰.۰۰۱).Conclusion: In conclusion, carvacrol improved the behavioral consequences of LPS challenge and attenuated neuroinflammation and brain tissue oxidative stress in rats.

کلیدواژه ها:

Inflammation ، Anxiety ، Depression ، Carvacrol ، Oxidative stress