RNAi: Gene Therapy

Introduction and Aims: One of the methods of gene therapy is the function of RNAi in silencing the target gene expression and destabilizing the target mRNA. Interfering RNA (RNAi) is a potent and specific way of inhibiting gene expression by inserting small RNA (siRNA) or shRNA with a pin structure. These molecules are of great interest because of their specific function, adaptability to their targets, their permanent or temporary effects, and their potential use in living systems .Materials and Method: This review is based on study of articles indexed on Web of Science .Results: The pathway of interfering RNA function is that the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can be artificially inserted into the cell or be either intracellular double-stranded RNA or a viral byproduct or additional transgene transcript after Identification by a type of RNaseIII enzyme, Dicer, is transformed into small fragments called siRNAs that are about ۲۲ nucleotides in length. SiRNA fragments are induced in a protein complex called RISC silencing complex. RISC contains helicase, exonuclease, endonuclease and antisense strands, directing the RISC complex to the target mRNA and, after attaching complementary regions, cleaves the endonuclease subunits in the RISC structure, and ultimately cleaves the target mRNA. Gene expression is targeted .Conclusion: Widespread applications of RNAi can include post-transcriptional gene expression control, especially in cancer cells, study of the phenotype of a gene or a gene family, study of several unrelated genes and study of epistatic effects, study of human diseases and treatment of diseases. It is suggested to be infectious and viral in future research to improve the therapeutic effect of cancer

کلیدواژه ها:

Cancer ، Gene Therapy ، RNAi