Improving The Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Polyvinylchloride Resin Using Some Additives

n this research, the combination of polyvinyl chloride with some additives to improve physical and mechanical properties has been studied. Two categories of formulation (hard and soft PVC) and the use of PVC (k value range from ۶۰ to ۷۰) as a base polymer have been prepared. Various additives that are generally classified into emollients, fillers, stabilizers, pigments and process aids. In a standard concentration unit it is mixed with a base polymer. Cable and shoe compounds in soft PVC category contain emollient additives such as diisooctyl phthalate ۴۰ phr (DIOP), epoxidized soybean oil (۲-۳ phr), general plasticizer (۵۰-۸۰ phr), respectively. While the composition of pipes and hard sheets in the uPVC category includes various fillers / stabilizers such as three-phase lead sulfate (۶phr), lead stearate (phr۱), glyceryl monostearate (۰.۴phr) in hard pipes and butylin mercaptides (relatively stable complex soluble in Water (۲-۲.۵ phr), fatty alcohol and fatty acid ester (۰.۵-۰.۸ phr) have been used in the composition of hard sheet for preparation. Experimental research has been performed to analyze mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break point, stiffness and physical properties such as specific gravity for composite specimens. A significant increase in tensile strength from ۴۶۰Kg / cm۲ for base PVC to ۵۵۰ Kg / cm۲ for uPVC compounds (PVC sheets and tubes) and a slight increase in elongation at break point from ۵۶% (base polymer) to ۱۲۴.۳۳% and ۱۵۰%, respectively. Observed for pipe and sheet compositions. On the other hand, the elongation at break point for soft PVC compounds increased from ۵۶% to ۲۵۰.۶۷% (cable composition) and ۳۵۱.۳۳% (shoe composition). While the tensile strength decreases from ۴۶۰Kg / cm۲ to ۱۵۰.۳۳ Kg / cm۲ (cable combination) and ۱۲۰.۳۳ Kg / cm۲ (shoe combination). Hardness increases from ۴۰ to ۸۰ for all combinations except shoe combination with a hardness of ۶۵.۳۳. The softening effect is directly related to the elongation at the tear point, but is inversely related to the tensile strength.

کلیدواژه ها:

Physical properties ، Resin ، Additive ، Polyvinyl chloride