Identifying future climatic change patterns at basin level in Baja California, México

Background and objective: The global average surface temperature increased by about ۰.۶°C, and global sea level increased by ۱۵ to ۲۰ cm during the last century. As the temperature rise, crops and forests will experience failure. In Baja California, Mexico, there is no systematic evaluation of the spatial variability of future temperature and precipitation. The aim of this research was to identify how the precipitation and temperature will change in the basins according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change climate projections.Materials and methods: We used the MPI ECHAM۵ model scenarios A۲ (pessimistic) and B۲ (optimistic) of total annual precipitation (TAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT) for ۲۰۳۰ and ۲۰۵۰; we also used the HADGEM۱ model, (scenarios A۲ and B۲) of TAP and MAT (۲۰۳۰-۲۰۵۰). All procedures were carried out in a geographic information system.Results and conclusion: We evaluate for the first-time which basins at the peninsula will be more affected by changes in TAP and MAP. The relative increase of MAT per basin depicted a trend north to south. The highest values reaching ۶.۰° to ۶.۵°, the minimum values are around ۲.۰°. The reduction of TAP will be ۲۱ mm from the baseline to ۲۰۳۰. The model also depicted an increase in TAP in the south of the peninsula (۱۲-۴۰ mm). The northern basins will suffer by reduction of water availability, especially for agriculture activities. The southern basins could be affected more by flooding and landslides.