Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Iranian Wild Blackberry Species Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis and ISSR Markers

This study was carried out to estimate the genetic diversity and relationships of ۷۴ Iranian blackberry accessions assigned to ۵ different species using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) marker analysis and morphological trait characterization. Sixteen traits were analyzed, including phenological, vegetative and reproductive attributes (in ۵۷ out of ۷۴ accessions), and ۱۰ ISSR primers were screened (in ۷۴ accessions).  The yield and leaf width had the highest and lowest genetic diversity, (diversity index = ۶۲.۵۷ and ۱۳.۷۴), respectively. Flowering and ripening date were recorded as traits with the strongest correlations (r = ۰.۹۸). Ten ISSR primers were selected and produced a total of ۱۶۱ amplified fragments (۲۰۰ to ۳۵۰۰ bp), of which ۱۱۳ were polymorphic. The highest, lowest and average PIC values were ۰.۵۳, ۰.۳۸ and ۰.۴۴, respectively. Principle component analysis (PCA) was based on morphological traits and showed that the first six components explained ۸۴.۹% of the variations among the traits. Meanwhile, the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) was based on ISSR data and implied the first eight principal coordinates which explained ۶۷.۰۶% of the total variation. Cluster analysis was based on morphological traits and ISSR data ultimately classified all accessions into two and three major groups, respectively, so that the distribution pattern of genotypes was mainly based on species and the geographic origins.

کلیدواژه ها:

Genetic diversity ، ISSR ، Molecular marker ، Rubus ssp ، variability