Transcendental Politics: the Meeting Point of Parrhesia and the Ideal of Freedom

The present article presupposes that the philosopher does not restrict himself just to knowing things as they are; rather, rising to do things as they must [be done] is considered the actual continuation of his thought, and that a philosopher is not just aware of the truth, but he stays at it. The article poses the following questions: "what is Mullah Sadra's position as to the truth?" "Is our philosopher – as Foucault expresses under the features of Parrhesia – ready to have the same treatment with truth as Socrates did?" This study deals with Mullah Sadra's  Parrhesia-like actual aspects in confronting with the owners of power and the factors defacing social wisdom. Thus, the study of Mullah Sadra's political-social mission is determined in two lines. First, we deal with Mullah Sadra's Parrhesian mission. Parrhesia means truthfulness without adulation, freedom of speech, frankness and explicit veracity in facing with the king's will or facing the irrational requests of the majority. In the second line, we deal with Mullah Sadra's attempt to enumerate factors defacing the truth in a way that leads to ruin of the social wisdom, an action that can result – by removing the layers of ignorance – in freedom of human's reason from the dominance of factors defacing it. The removal of layers of ignorance has been borrowed from the literature of ideal of freedom in Frankfort school. The present article uses the discourse method for maximal coverage of the meanings.

کلیدواژه ها:

Parrhesia ، Freedom ، Truth ، Philosophy ، Transcendental Politics