Biomechanical Comparison Between Bashti Bone Plug Technique and Biodegradable Screw for Fixation of Grafts in Ligament surgery

  Background: Ligament reconstruction is a common procedure in orthopedic surgery. Although several popular techniques are currently in use, new methods are proposed for secure fixation of the tendon graft into the bone tunnel. Purposes: We sought to introduce our new technique of Bashti bone plug for fixation of soft tissue graft in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to compare its biomechanical features with conventional absorbable interference screw technique in a bovine model. Methods: Twenty pairs of bovine knees were harvested after death. Soft tissue was removed and the Achilles tendon was harvested to be used as an ACL graft. It was secured into the bone tunnel on the tibial side via two different methods: Bashti Bone Plug technique and conventional screw method. Biomechanical strength was measured using ۲۰۰ N and ۳۰۰ N cyclic loading on the graft. Pull out strength was also tested until the graft fails. Results: No graft failure was observed after ۲۰۰ N and ۳۰۰ N cyclic loading in either fixation methods. When testing for pull out failure, ۲۱ tendons (۵۳%) were torn and ۱۹ tendons (۴۸%) slipped out. No fixation failure occurred, which did not reveal a significant difference between the bone plug or interference screw group (P=۰.۱۱). The mean pull out force until failure of the graft was ۴۹۶±۶۶ N in the screw group and ۵۰۳±۶۷ N in the bone plug group (P=۰.۷۶). Conclusions: Our suggested fixation technique of Bashti bone plug is a native, cheap, and feasible method that provides comparable biomechanical strength with interference screw when soft tissue fixation was attempted in bovine model.

کلیدواژه ها:

anterior cruciate ligament ، Bashti ، Biomechanical strength ، Bone plug ، Bovine model ، Initial fixation ، Interference screw ، Reconstruction