Utility of MicroRNAs as Clinical Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer

Introduction Gastric cancer (GC) is the third-largest mortality globally. Due to a lack of appropriate biomarkers, most GC patients are identified with advanced-stage, which is one of the significant problems in GC therapy. MicroRNAs (miRs) have recently been discovered to be a possible biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of GC. This review aimed to look at the function of circulating microRNAs in the diagnosis of GC. Methods This review was conducted using keywords such as Gastric Cancer, Stomach Cancer, Circulating microRNAs, Blood, Plasma, Serum, tissue and Diagnosis in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Results In GC tissues, overexpression of miR-۲۱, miR-۱۹۱, miR-۲۵, miR-۹۳, miR-۱۰۶b, miR-۱۸a, and miR-۲۱۴ was found, as well as downregulation of miR-۹۲, miR-۵۶۴, miR-۱۴۸a, miR-۳۷۵, and miR-۱۵۵. The study was conducted on a combined miRNA panel that included miR-۲۱, miR-۹۳, miR-۱۰۶a, and miR-۱۰۶b to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of miRNAs. The panel of these miRNAs had the most significant AUC ۰.۸۸۷ to differentiate GC patients from healthy. MiR-۹۴۰, which has a sensitivity of ۸۱.۲۵% and a specificity of ۹۸.۵۷%, might also be utilized as a GC diagnostic biomarker. Conclusion Due to tumor metastasis and relapse-producing resistant severe tumor stage and poor prognosis, gastric cancer remains a dangerous menace to human life. Circulating miRNAs in GC patients might be potential indicators in the peripheral blood, as they are stable and repeatable. As a result, only a combination of multiple miRs may be helpful for diagnostic purposes.

کلیدواژه ها:

Gastric cancer ، MicroRNAs ، Biomarker ، Diagnosis ، Prognosis