The frequency of CCR۵ promoter polymorphisms and CCR۵ ۳۲ mutation in Iranian populations

Evidence showed that chemokines serve as pro-migratory factors for immune cells. CCL۳, CCL۴ and CCL۵, as the main CC  chemokines subfamily members, activate immune cells through binding to CC chemokine receptor ۵ or CCR۵. Macrophages, NK cells and T lymphocytes express CCR۵ and thus, affected CCR۵ expression or functions could be associated with altered immune responses. Deletion of ۳۲ base pairs (D ۳۲) in the exon ۱ of the CCR۵ gene, which is known as CCR۵ D ۳۲ mutation causes down regulation and malfunction of the molecule. Furthermore, it has been evidenced that three polymorphisms in the promoter region of CCR۵ modulate its expression. Altered CCR۵ expression in microbial infection and immune related diseases have been reported by several researchers but the role of CCR۵ promoter polymorphisms and CCR۵ D ۳۲ mutation in Iranian patients suffering from these diseases are controversial. Due to the fact that Iranian people have different genetic backgrounds compared to other ethnics, hence, CCR۵ promoter polymorphisms and CCR۵ D ۳۲ mutation association with the diseases may be different in Iranian patients. Therefore, this review addresses the most recent information regarding the prevalence as well as association of the mutation and polymorphisms in Iranian patients with microbial infection and immune related diseases as along with normal population.  

کلیدواژه ها:

CCR۵ ، ۳۲ mutation ، Polymorphism ، Iran