Transient receptor potential V۱ modulates neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease dementia: Molecular implications for electroacupuncture and rivastigmine

Objective(s): Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegeneration disease. Its incidence increases with age and affects about ۱% of people over ۶۰. Incidentally, transient receptor potential V۱ (TRPV۱) and its relation with neuroinflammation in mouse brain has been widely reported.Materials and Methods: We used ۶-hydroxydopamine (۶-OHDA) to induce PDD in mice. We then used the Morris water maze and Bio-Plex to test learning and inflammatory mediators in mouse plasma. Western blotting and immunostaining were used to examine TRPV۱ pathway in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Results: On acquisition days ۳ (Control = ۴.۴۰ ± ۰.۸ sec, PDD = ۹.۸۲ ± ۱.۵۲ sec, EA = ۵.۰۴ ± ۰.۵۸ sec, Riva = ۴.۷۵ ± ۰.۸۷ sec; P=۰.۰۰۱) and ۴, reversal learning days ۱, ۲, ۳ (Control = ۲.۸۶ ± ۰.۴۶ sec, PDD = ۹.۸۰ ± ۱.۸۳ sec, EA = ۴.۶ ± ۰.۸۲ sec, Riva = ۴.۶ ± ۱.۰۳ sec; P=۰.۰۰۱) and ۴, PDD mice showed significantly longer escape latency than the other three groups. Results showed that several cytokines were up-regulated in PDD mice and reversed by EA and rivastigmine. TRPV۱ and downstream molecules were up-regulated in PDD mice and further reversed by EA and rivastigmine. Interestingly, α۷ nicotinic receptors and parvalbumin levels in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex increased in EA-treated mice, but not in rivastigmine-treated mice.Conclusion: Our results showed that TRPV۱ played a role in the modulation of neuroinflammation of PDD, and could potentially be a new target for treatment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Electroacupuncture ، Hippocampus ، Neuroinflammation ، Parkinson’s disease dementia ، Rivastigmine ، Transient receptor potential V۱