Epidemiological status of brucellosis in Iran: A brief review

Background and Aim : Introduction & Objective: Brucellosis is a common infectious disease between humans and animals and is caused by aerobic gram-negative bacilli without capsules and spores. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological status of Brucellosis in Iran.Methods : The present study was a brief review study designed in ۲۰۲۱. PubMed / Medline and Scopus databases were used to search for similar studies and extract content. Selected keywords for the search included “Coronavirus”, “Epidemiology”, “brucellosis”, “and Iran”. Summaries of articles published in congresses and conferences were excluded from the study. Initially, ۱۷ articles were finally evaluated.Results : Brucella bacteria are the cause of the disease and the most important types of Brucella that can cause disease in humans include Brucella melitensis, Brucella abortus and Brucella suis. Iran is an endemic country in terms of brucellosis. The incidence of brucellosis is higher in rural areas than in cities. The incidence of brucellosis in summer and spring due to livestock and lactation is higher than autumn and winter. In Iran, western and Zagros regions, mountainous areas and areas inhabited by nomads, the rate of brucellosis is high. In the world, Iran ranks fourth in patients with brucellosis and ranks first in the Eastern Mediterranean. Brucellosis is an occupational disease that is more common in herders and people who come into contact with livestock or dairy and meat products.Conclusion : The results of various studies show that Iran is known as an endemic country and due to its geographical area and lifestyle changes, brucellosis has a high potential to increase the prevalence. Therefore, it is suggested that in the beginning of spring, trainings should be given to prevent the disease, as well as vaccination of livestock.

کلیدواژه ها:

Brucellosis ، Incidence ، Iran ، Epidemiology