Morphological and molecular characterization of seed-borne fusarium from some black cumin fields in Iran

Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants belonging to Ranunculaceae family. Seed-borne fungi as one of the most important factors that threatens the health of seeds, and lead to reduce germination and vigor indices and finally reduce production. The aim of this study was to identify of seed-borne fusarium of black cumin from some black cumin fields in Iran. In order to identify of seed-borne fusarium black cumin from fields of Gorgan, Bushehr, Shahreza, Fereydan and Semirom were sampled according to the International Rules for Seed Testing (ISTA). For isolation of fungi, black cumin seeds were washed in tap water surface disinfested in ۱% sodium hypochlorite and were placed on general and specific culture media with alternating ۱۲ hours light and ۱۲ hours darkness at ۲۵°C. Purification of fungal colonies was performed using single spore and hyphal tip methods on ۲% water agar medium. A total of ۱۷ isolates were identified based on morphological and molecular characteristics (ITS-rDNA regions were amplified by ITS۱ and ITS۴ primers and a partial sequence of the β-tubulin gene, different fungal taxa including Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani. Among the species identified, F. oxysporum was the predominant species with the highest isolation frequency and relative density of ۸۰% and ۹۴.۱% respectively. The black cumin seeds collected from Gorgan field was more infected with fungi than the other fields sampled. The results of this study can be used to complete the basic information for identifying of seed-borne fusarium of black cumin and help to writing the national seed health standard.

کلیدواژه ها:

Seed ، Fungal pathogen ، Morphological ، Molecular